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Event: 221
Key Event Title
A descriptive phrase which defines a discrete biological change that can be measured.
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Reduction, Plasma vitellogenin concentrations
Short name
The KE short name should be a reasonable abbreviation of the KE title and is used in labelling this object throughout the AOP-Wiki.
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Reduction, Plasma vitellogenin concentrations
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A description of the biological state being observed or measured, the biological compartment in which it is measured, and its general role in the biology should be provided.
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Vitellogenin synthesized in the liver is secreted into the blood and circulates to the ovaries for uptake.
In the context of the EMOD/M2AOP prototyping, there are 2 components to the How it is Measured or Detected field, a structured component for adding Assay information and a free text component for unstructured descriptive information.In the free text field, include a description of the type(s) of measurements that can be employed to evaluate the KE and the relative level of scientific confidence in those measurements. These can range from citation of specific validated test guidelines, citation of specific methods published in the peer reviewed literature, or outlines of a general protocol or approach (e.g., a protein may be measured by ELISA). Do not provide detailed protocols.
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| ID | Title | Detection Technology | Biological Objects Targeted | Biological Processes Targeted | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 | Vitellogenin | ELISA (direct, non-competitive, sandwich: plates coated with anti-lipovitellin IgG, biotin coupled to the IgG, and poly-HRP streptavidin and TMB plus added, plates read at 450nm) | vitellogenins | sex determination |
Vitellogenin concentrations in plasma are typically detected using enzyme linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA; e.g., (Korte et al. 2000; Tyler et al. 1996; Holbech et al. 2001; Fenske et al. 2001). Although less specific and/or sensitive, determination of alkaline-labile phosphate or Western blotting has also been employed.
Observed meausures are instances of assay results that support this Key Event
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| ID | Experimental Effect | Biological Object | Biological Process | Method of Measurement | Notes | Evidence Source ID | Citation (first author, year) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | decreased | vitellogenins | Challenge: When trying to select "vitellogenin", multiple species-specific isoforms come up including fruit fly and chicken, but not one for fish. Within the DB datatable, I can see that we have "vitellogenins" from MESH: D014819 - search was revised to "vitellogenins" |
8 | LaLone, 2013 |
Observed meausures are instances of assay results that support this Key Event
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| ID | Stressor | Sample (short_name) | Assay | Effect | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13 | 18: 21 days, blood plasma, Adult | Measurement of plasma vitellogenin in fathead minnows by competitive ELISA | decreased | Parent Study Design |
The KE, as defined by a set structured ontology terms consisting of a biological process, object, and action with each term originating from one of 14 biological ontologies (Ives, et al., 2017; https://aopwiki.org/info_pages/2/info_linked_pages/7#List). Biological process describes dynamics of the underlying biological system (e.g., receptor signalling).Biological process describes dynamics of the underlying biological system (e.g., receptor signaling). The biological object is the subject of the perturbation (e.g., a specific biological receptor that is activated or inhibited). Action represents the direction of perturbation of this system (generally increased or decreased; e.g., ‘decreased’ in the case of a receptor that is inhibited to indicate a decrease in the signaling by that receptor). Note that when editing Event Components, clicking an existing Event Component from the Suggestions menu will autopopulate these fields, along with their source ID and description. To clear any fields before submitting the event component, use the 'Clear process,' 'Clear object,' or 'Clear action' buttons. If a desired term does not exist, a new term request may be made via Term Requests. Event components may not be edited; to edit an event component, remove the existing event component and create a new one using the terms that you wish to add. Further information on Event Components and Biological Context may be viewed on the attached pdf.
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| Process | Object | Action |
|---|---|---|
| vitellogenins | decreased |
Structured terms, selected from a drop-down menu, are used to identify the level of biological organization for each KE.
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| Level of Biological Organization |
|---|
| Organ |
Organ term
The location/biological environment in which the event takes place.The biological context describes the location/biological environment in which the event takes place. For molecular/cellular events this would include the cellular context (if known), organ context, and species/life stage/sex for which the event is relevant. For tissue/organ events cellular context is not applicable. For individual/population events, the organ context is not applicable. Further information on Event Components and Biological Context may be viewed on the attached pdf.
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| Organ term |
|---|
| blood plasma |
AOPs Including This Key Event
All of the AOPs that are linked to this KE will automatically be listed in this subsection. This table can be particularly useful for derivation of AOP networks including the KE.Clicking on the name of the AOP will bring you to the individual page for that AOP.
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| AOP Name | Role of event in AOP | Point of Contact | Author Status | OECD Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aromatase inhibition leading to reproductive dysfunction | KeyEvent | Cataia Ives (send email) | Open for citation & comment | WPHA/WNT Endorsed |
| Androgen receptor agonism leading to reproductive dysfunction | KeyEvent | Evgeniia Kazymova (send email) | Open for citation & comment | WPHA/WNT Endorsed |
| Estrogen receptor antagonism leading to reproductive dysfunction | KeyEvent | Evgeniia Kazymova (send email) | Open for citation & comment | EAGMST Under Review |
| Prolyl hydroxylase inhibition | KeyEvent | Allie Always (send email) | Under Development: Contributions and Comments Welcome | |
| Unknown MIE leading to reprodl | KeyEvent | Evgeniia Kazymova (send email) | Under Development: Contributions and Comments Welcome | |
| TPO inhibition and impaired fertility | KeyEvent | Cataia Ives (send email) | Open for comment. Do not cite | Under Development |
| 5α-reductase,female fish | KeyEvent | Cataia Ives (send email) | Open for citation & comment | Under Development |
| AHR mediated epigenetic reproductive failure | KeyEvent | Arthur Author (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | |
| Androgen receptor agonism leading to reproduction dysfunction | KeyEvent | Arthur Author (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite |
Taxonomic Applicability
Latin or common names of a species or broader taxonomic grouping (e.g., class, order, family) that help to define the biological applicability domain of the KE.In many cases, individual species identified in these structured fields will be those for which the strongest evidence used in constructing the AOP was available in relation to this KE.
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Life Stages
An indication of the the relevant life stage(s) for this KE.
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| Life stage | Evidence |
|---|---|
| Adult, reproductively mature | High |
Sex Applicability
An indication of the the relevant sex for this KE.
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A description of the scientific basis for the indicated domains of applicability and the WoE calls (if provided).
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Oviparous vertebrates synthesize yolk precursor proteins that are transported in the circulation for uptake by developing oocytes. Many invertebrates also synthesize vitellogenins that are taken up into developing oocytes via active transport mechanisms. However, invertebrate vitellogenins are transported in hemolymph or via other transport mechanisms rather than plasma.
List of the literature that was cited for this KE description.
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- Fenske M, van Aerle R, Brack S, Tyler CR, Segner H. Development and validation of a homologous zebrafish (Danio rerio Hamilton-Buchanan) vitellogenin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and its application for studies on estrogenic chemicals. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2001. Jul;129(3):217-32.
- Holbech H, Andersen L, Petersen GI, Korsgaard B, Pedersen KL, Bjerregaard P. Development of an ELISA for vitellogenin in whole body homogenate of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2001 Sep;130(1):119-31.
- Korte JJ, Kahl MD, Jensen KM, Mumtaz SP, Parks LG, LeBlanc GA, et al. 2000. Fathead minnow vitellogenin: complementary DNA sequence and messenger RNA and protein expression after 17B-estradiol treatment. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 19(4): 972-981.
- Tyler C, van der Eerden B, Jobling S, Panter G, Sumpter J. 1996. Measurement of vitellogenin, a biomarker for exposure to oestrogenic chemicals, in a wide variety of cyprinid fish. Journal of Comparative Physiology and Biology 166: 418-426.
- Wahli W. 1988. Evolution and expression of vitellogenin genes. Trends in Genetics. 4:227-232.