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Relationship: 255
Title
A descriptive phrase which clearly defines the two KEs being considered and the sequential relationship between them (i.e., which is upstream, and which is downstream).
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Reduction, Plasma vitellogenin concentrations leads to Reduction, Vitellogenin accumulation into oocytes and oocyte growth/development
Upstream event
The causing Key Event (KE) in a Key Event Relationship (KER).
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Downstream event
The responding Key Event (KE) in a Key Event Relationship (KER).
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The utility of AOPs for regulatory application is defined, to a large extent, by the confidence and precision with which they facilitate extrapolation of data measured at low levels of biological organisation to predicted outcomes at higher levels of organisation and the extent to which they can link biological effect measurements to their specific causes.Within the AOP framework, the predictive relationships that facilitate extrapolation are represented by the KERs. Consequently, the overall WoE for an AOP is a reflection in part, of the level of confidence in the underlying series of KERs it encompasses. Therefore, describing the KERs in an AOP involves assembling and organising the types of information and evidence that defines the scientific basis for inferring the probable change in, or state of, a downstream KE from the known or measured state of an upstream KE.
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AOPs Referencing Relationship
| AOP Name | Adjacency | Weight of Evidence | Quantitative Understanding | Point of Contact | Author Status | OECD Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Androgen receptor agonism leading to reproductive dysfunction (in repeat-spawning fish) | adjacent | Moderate | Low | Evgeniia Kazymova (send email) | Open for citation & comment | WPHA/WNT Endorsed |
| Aromatase inhibition leading to reproductive dysfunction | adjacent | Moderate | Low | Cataia Ives (send email) | Open for citation & comment | WPHA/WNT Endorsed |
| Estrogen receptor antagonism leading to reproductive dysfunction | adjacent | Moderate | Low | Evgeniia Kazymova (send email) | Open for citation & comment | EAGMST Under Review |
| Prolyl hydroxylase inhibition leading to reproductive dysfunction via increased HIF1 heterodimer formation | adjacent | Moderate | Allie Always (send email) | Under Development: Contributions and Comments Welcome | ||
| Unknown MIE leading to reproductive dysfunction via increased HIF-1alpha transcription | adjacent | Evgeniia Kazymova (send email) | Under Development: Contributions and Comments Welcome | |||
| Embryonic Activation of the AHR leading to Reproductive failure, via epigenetic down-regulation of GnRHR | adjacent | Moderate | Low | Arthur Author (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | |
| Androgen receptor agonism leading to reproduction dysfunction （in zebrafish） | adjacent | Moderate | Moderate | Arthur Author (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite |
Taxonomic Applicability
Latin or common names of a species or broader taxonomic grouping (e.g., class, order, family) that help to define the biological applicability domain of the KER.In general, this will be dictated by the more restrictive of the two KEs being linked together by the KER.
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Sex Applicability
An indication of the the relevant sex for this KER.
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| Sex | Evidence |
|---|---|
| Female | High |
Life Stage Applicability
An indication of the the relevant life stage(s) for this KER.
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| Term | Evidence |
|---|---|
| Adult, reproductively mature | High |
Provides a concise overview of the information given below as well as addressing details that aren’t inherent in the description of the KEs themselves.
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SEE BIOLOGICAL PLAUSIBILITY BELOW
Include a description of the approach for identification and assembly of the evidence base for the KER. For evidence identification, include, for example, a description of the sources and dates of information consulted including expert knowledge, databases searched and associated search terms/strings. Include also a description of study screening criteria and methodology, study quality assessment considerations, the data extraction strategy and links to any repositories/databases of relevant references.Tabular summaries and links to relevant supporting documentation are encouraged, wherever possible.
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| ID | Experimental Design | Species | Upstream Observation | Downstream Observation | Citation (first author, year) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 |
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LaLone, 2013 | Source text: In some (...), but not all (...) fish reproduction studies, reductions in plasma vitellogenin have been associated with visible decreases in yolk protein content in oocytes and overall reductions in ovarian stage. |
Addresses the scientific evidence supporting KERs in an AOP setting the stage for overall assessment of the AOP.
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| Title | First Author | Biological Plausibility |
Dose Concordance |
Temporal Concordance |
Incidence Concordance |
|---|
Biological Plausibility
Dose Concordance Evidence
Temporal Concordance Evidence
Incidence Concordance Evidence
Uncertainties and Inconsistencies
Addresses inconsistencies or uncertainties in the relationship including the identification of experimental details that may explain apparent deviations from the expected patterns of concordance.
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Not all fish reproduction studies showing reductions in plasma vitellogenin have caused visible decreases in yolk protein content in oocytes and overall reductions in ovarian stage. (Ankley et al. 2005; Sun et al. 2007; Skolness et al. 2013).
While plasma vitellogenin is well established as the only major source of vitellogenins to the oocyte, the extent to which a decrease will impact an ovary that has already developed vitellogenic staged oocytes is less certain. It would be assumed that the more rapid the turn-over of oocytes in the ovary, the tighter the linkage between these KEs. Thus, repeat spawning species with asynchronous oocyte development that spawn frequently would likely be more vulnerable than annual spawning species with synchronous oocyte development that had already reached late vitellogenic stages.
This table captures specific information on the MF, its properties, how it affects the KER and respective references.1.) What is the modulating factor? Name the factor for which solid evidence exists that it influences this KER. Examples: age, sex, genotype, diet 2.) Details of this modulating factor. Specify which features of this MF are relevant for this KER. Examples: a specific age range or a specific biological age (defined by...); a specific gene mutation or variant, a specific nutrient (deficit or surplus); a sex-specific homone; a certain threshold value (e.g. serum levels of a chemical above...) 3.) Description of how this modulating factor affects this KER. Describe the provable modification of the KER (also quantitatively, if known). Examples: increase or decrease of the magnitude of effect (by a factor of...); change of the time-course of the effect (onset delay by...); alteration of the probability of the effect; increase or decrease of the sensitivity of the downstream effect (by a factor of...) 4.) Provision of supporting scientific evidence for an effect of this MF on this KER. Give a list of references.
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Captures information that helps to define how much change in the upstream KE, and/or for how long, is needed to elicit a detectable and defined change in the downstream KE.
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- Rates of vitellogenin uptake as a function of ovarian follicle surface area have been estimated for rainbow trout, an annual spawning fish species, and may exceed 700 ng/mm2 follicle surface per hour (Tyler and Sumpter 1996).
- Comparable data are lacking for repeat-spawning species and kinetic relationships between plasma concentrations and uptake rates within the ovary have not been defined.
- A model based on a statistical relationship between plasma E2 concentrations, spawning interval, and cumulative fecundity has been developed to predict changes in cumulative fecundity from plasma VTG (Li et al. 2011b), but it does not incorporate a model of the kinetics of VTG uptake nor the influence of VTG uptake on oocyte growth.
Response-response Relationship
Provides sources of data that define the response-response relationships between the KEs.
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Time-scale
Information regarding the approximate time-scale of the changes in KEdownstream relative to changes in KEupstream (i.e., do effects on KEdownstream lag those on KEupstream by seconds, minutes, hours, or days?).
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Known Feedforward/Feedback loops influencing this KER
Define whether there are known positive or negative feedback mechanisms involved and what is understood about their time-course and homeostatic limits.
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A free-text section of the KER description that the developers can use to explain their rationale for the taxonomic, life stage, or sex applicability structured terms.
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This KER is expected to be primarily applicable to oviparous vertebrates that synthesize vitellogenin in hepatic tissue which is ultimately incorporated into oocytes present in the ovary.