155569-91-8 Emamectin benzoate 4''-Epimethylamino-4''-deoxyavermectin B1a and B1b benzoates Avermectin B1, 4''-deoxy-4''-(methylamino)-, (4''R)-, benzoate (1:1) DTXSID0034566 CHEBI:17996 CHEBI chloride GO:1902710 GO GABA receptor complex D009026 MESH mortality GO:0022851 GO GABA-gated chloride ion channel activity GO:0060080 GO inhibitory postsynaptic potential MP:0000753 MP paralysis GO:1902476 GO chloride transmembrane transport GO:0050805 GO negative regulation of synaptic transmission NBO:0000079 NBO feeding behavior 1 WIKI increased 2 WIKI decreased Emamectin benzoate 2016-11-29T18:42:26 2016-11-29T18:42:26 WikiUser_22 all species WCS_35525 common ecological species Daphnia magna Increased Mortality Population <p><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="color:black">Increased mortality refers to an increase in the number of individuals dying in an experimental replicate group or in a population over a specific period of time.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:start"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="color:#212529"><span style="background-color:white">Mortality of animals is generally observed as cessation of the heart beat, breathing (gill or lung movement) and locomotory movements. Mortality is typically measured by observation. Depending on the size of the organism, instruments such as microscopes may be used. The reported metric is mostly the mortality rate: the number of deaths in a given area or period, or from a particular cause.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:start"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="color:#212529"><span style="background-color:white">Depending on the species and the study setup, mortality can be measured:</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <ul> <li><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="color:#212529"><span style="background-color:white">in the lab by recording mortality during exposure experiments</span></span></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="color:#212529"><span style="background-color:white">in dedicated setups simulating a realistic situation such as mesocosms or drainable ponds for aquatic species</span></span></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="color:#212529"><span style="background-color:white">in the field, for example by determining age structure after one capture, or by capture-mark-recapture efforts. The latter is a method commonly used in ecology to estimate an animal population&#39;s size where it is impractical to count every individual.</span></span></span></span></span></li> </ul> <p>All living things are susceptible to mortality.</p> Moderate Unspecific High All life stages High AOPWiki 2016-11-29T18:41:24 2022-07-08T07:32:26 Activation, ionotropic GABA Receptor chloride channel Molecular CL:0000540 CL neuron AOPWiki 2016-11-29T18:41:26 2017-09-16T10:16:58 Increased, Inhibitory postsynaptic potential Cellular CL:0000540 CL neuron AOPWiki 2016-11-29T18:41:28 2017-09-16T10:16:59 Induction, Somatic muscle paralysis Tissue UBERON:0014895 UBERON somatic muscle AOPWiki 2016-11-29T18:41:28 2017-09-16T10:16:59 Increased, Chloride conductance Cellular CL:0000540 CL neuron AOPWiki 2016-11-29T18:41:26 2017-09-16T10:16:11 Increased, Neuronal synaptic inhibition Cellular CL:0000540 CL neuron AOPWiki 2016-11-29T18:41:28 2017-09-16T10:16:59 Inhibition, Feeding Individual AOPWiki 2016-11-29T18:41:28 2016-12-03T16:37:52 #<Reference::ActiveRecord_Associations_CollectionProxy:0x00007b430ae88a28> AOPWiki 2016-11-29T18:41:36 2016-12-03T16:38:02 #<Reference::ActiveRecord_Associations_CollectionProxy:0x00007b430aebcda0> AOPWiki 2016-11-29T18:41:36 2016-12-03T16:38:02 #<Reference::ActiveRecord_Associations_CollectionProxy:0x00007b430aee8fe0> AOPWiki 2016-11-29T18:41:36 2016-12-03T16:38:02 #<Reference::ActiveRecord_Associations_CollectionProxy:0x00007b430af01d88> AOPWiki 2016-11-29T18:41:36 2016-12-03T16:38:02 #<Reference::ActiveRecord_Associations_CollectionProxy:0x00007b430af1ce30> AOPWiki 2016-11-29T18:41:36 2016-12-03T16:38:02 #<Reference::ActiveRecord_Associations_CollectionProxy:0x00007b430af354a8> AOPWiki 2016-11-29T18:41:36 2016-12-03T16:38:02 #<Reference::ActiveRecord_Associations_CollectionProxy:0x00007b430af50578> AOPWiki 2016-11-29T18:41:36 2016-12-03T16:38:02 iGABAR activation leading to mortality Cataia Ives <p>You Song¹, Knut Erik Tollefsen^1,2 </p><p>¹Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway </p><p>²Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV). P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway </p><p>Contact: knut.erik.tollefsen@niva.no </p> BY-SA 1.0 <p>Increased mortality is one of the most common regulatory assessment endpoints,&nbsp;along with reduced growth and reduced reproduction.</p> adjacent Not Specified Not Specified adjacent Not Specified Not Specified adjacent Not Specified Not Specified adjacent Not Specified Not Specified adjacent Not Specified Not Specified adjacent Not Specified Not Specified adjacent Not Specified Not Specified Not Specified Not Specified AOPWiki 2016-11-29T18:41:17 2023-09-25T16:26:52